Basenji

Lore & Background

The Basenji has been identified as a basal breed that predates the emergence of modern breeds in the 19th century. DNA studies based on whole-genome sequences indicate that the Basenji and the dingo are both considered basal members of the domestic dog clade. Early attempts to introduce the breed to England failed due to disease, but foundation stock was successfully established in England in the 1930s and later in the United States by animal importer Henry Trefflich.

Reader's Guide

The Basenji holds significance as a basal breed that provides insight into the early domestication of dogs, predating many modern breeds. Its unique vocalization, due to an unusually-shaped larynx, distinguishes it from most other dogs and has contributed to its nickname 'barkless dog.' The breed's history reflects challenges in establishing it outside Africa, with early imports succumbing to disease until successful breeding programs in the 1930s. Health concerns include Fanconi syndrome, an inheritable kidney disorder unusually common in Basenjis, and genetic haemolytic anaemia, which can be tested via non-invasive DNA tests. The breed is noted as the second least trainable dog for human commands, according to The Intelligence of Dogs, behind only the Afghan Hound. Its legacy includes its role in genomic studies that clarify the evolutionary history of domestic dogs.

Did You Know?

• The Basenji does not bark but vocalizes with a yodel-like 'talking' sound due to its unusually-shaped larynx.
• DNA studies indicate the Basenji and the dingo are both basal members of the domestic dog clade.
• The breed possesses only two copies of the AMY2B gene, like wolves, huskies, and dingoes, suggesting it arose before the expansion of agriculture.
• Fanconi syndrome, an inheritable kidney disorder, is unusually common in Basenjis.